leonardo da vinci
1452 - 15. dubna se Leonardo narodil jako nemanželský syn notáře Sera Piera z Vinci a venkovanky Catariny. 1452-56 - V prvých letech je vychováván matkou. Prožije příhodu s útokem dravého ptáka na kolébku, v níž později vidí osudové znamení. (Tato se stala namětem knihy S. Freuda.) 1457 - L. žije již společně s otcem v dědečkově domě ve Vinci. 1457-66 - Chodí ve Vinci do školy / poznává přírodu a začíná malovat. 1466 - Stěhuje se s otcem do Florencie. 1467-72 - L. tráví svá účednická léta u sochaře a malíře Verrocchia společně s Botticellim, Peruginem a Lorenzem di Credi. kolem r. 1472 - L. maluje tvář anděla a krajinu v pozadí Verrocchiova obrazu Křest Kristův. 1472 - Je vyučen a vstupuje do malířského cechu. 1472-76 - Pracuje jako tovaryš ve Verrocchiově dílně. 1473 - Výkres krajiny je první podepsanou a datovanou Leonardovou prací. před 1476 - Samostatně maluje obrazy Zvěstování (nyní ve Florencii), Madona s karafiátem, portrét Ginevry Benci aj. 1476 - L. je obviněn z nedovolených styků a vyslýchan. Proces zastaven. 1476-77 - L. opouští Verrocchiovu dílnu. kolem 1478 - Maluje druhé Zvěstování (dnes v Paříži) a začíná další obrazy Madon (snad Madona Benois aj.). 1478 - L. dostává zakázku na obraz pro kapli sv. Bernarda, ale nesplní ji. téhož roku - Spiknutí Pazziů proti Medicejským, války proti Florencii, L. se zabývá vojenským inženýrstvím. 1478 - 1518 - Zpracovává Codex Atlanticus. 1479 - L. kreslí oběšeného Bernarda Bandiniho Baroncelliho, vraha Giuliana de Medici. 1481 - L. podepisuje smlouvu na obraz Klanění králů, rozpracuje jej, ale nedokončí / též začíná obraz sv. Jeronýma na poušti. 1482 - L. opouští Florencii a stěhuje se se do Milána. Píše dopis Lodoviku Sforzovi a nabízí své inženýrské služby. 1483 - L. v Milaně bydlí u bratří Predisů, podepisuje smlouvu na Madonu ve skalách. 1483-86 - L. dokončuje prvou Madonu ve skalách (dnes v Louvru) a začínají dlouholeté spory o odměnu. 1484 - Mor v Milaně. kolem 1485 - L. se sbližuje s milánským dvorem, portrétuje Cecilii Gallerani. 1485-90 - L. pracuje jako vojenský a civilní inženýr pro Lodovika Mora / navrhuje výstavbu ideálních měst, věnuje se technickým vynálezům (prvé pokusy s létajícím strojem), kreslí četné projekty katedrál, maluje Portrét hudebníka, Madonu Littu aj. kolem 1487 - Dostává od Mora zakázku na vytvoření jezdecké sochy Franceska Sforzy. 1489 - Prohlubuje svá vědecká studia, začíná rukopisy svých prvých traktátů, věnuje se anatomickým zkoumáním / Moro je nespokojen s prací na jezdecké soše a žádá z Florencie náhradního sochaře. 1490 - L. inscenuje živý obraz ráje při příležitosti vévodovy svatby. Přivádí si si domů hocha Salaie. Vrací se zpět k práci na soše, ale pokračuje i vědeckých traktátech. 1491 - Dokončuje v pálené hlíně sedmimetrový model Cavalla. 1491-93 - Koná technické přípravy k odlití obří sochy v bronzu. 1493 - K L. přichází do Milána jeho matka Catarina. Cavallo v pálené hlíně je slavnostně odhalen. po 1493 - Matka Catarina umírá. 1494 - Francouzská armáda Karla VIII. vpadá do Itálie / Lodovico Moro nařizuje vydat bronz určený k odlití Cavalla na výrobu děl. po 1494 - L. pracuje na prvém kartonu Sv. Anny Samotřetí (Londýn). 1495 - L. zahajuje práce na Poslední večeři v Santa Maria delle Grazie. 1496-97 - Je mu zastaven plat, opouští dvůr a skládá naději v dráhu vynálezce. 1497 - L. se vrací a dokončuje Poslední večeři. 1499 - Francouzské armády Ludvíka XII. obsazují Milán. 1500 - L. odchází do Mantovy a portrétuje Isabellu d´Este. Přichází do Benátek nabídnout se jako vojenský inženýr pro boj proti Turkům / navrhuje použít ponorku / po odmítnutí se vrací do Florencie a věnuje se vědě a technice. 1501 - V klášteře servitů dokončuje druhý kartón Svaté Anny Samotřetí ( dnes ztracený) / koná pokusy s velocipédem. 1502 - Vstupuje do vojenských služeb Cesara Borgii ve funkci inspektora pevností a zúčastní se jeho válečných tažení. 1503 - Odchází od Cesara B.a navrhuje ve válce proti Pise přeložit řeku Arno do umělého koryta. Začíná malovat Monu Lisu / dostává státní zakázku na Bitvu u Anghiari / pokračuje v přírodovědeckých zkoumaních / koná pitvy. 1504 - Počátek sporu s Michelangelem, který byl také pověřen malbou bitevní scény. 1505 - Leonardo i Michelangelo dokončují kartóny bitev. L. začíná s nástěnnou malbou / pracuje na traktátu o letu ptáků / vrcholí pokusy s létajícím strojem. 1506 - L. opouští rozpracovanou Bitvu u Anghiari a odchází do Milána do francouzských služeb. 1506-08 - Končí spory o odměnu za prvou Madonu ve skalách (Paříž) a A. Predis -částečně s spolu s L.- maluje druhou Madonu ve skalách (Londýn). kolem 1506 - L. maluje Lédu. 1507 - L. vede spory o dědictví po strýci. 1508-12 - Pracuje jako architekt a inženýr pro Ludvíka XII. a Ch. d´Amboise v Miláně / vrcholí jeho vědecké práce, zvláště anatomické. kolem 1509-12 - Navrhuje jezdecký pomník maršála Trivulzia. 1510-13 - Spolu s tovaryši maluje prvý obraz Jana Křtitele v divoké krajině (dnes přemalován jako Bacchus) a sám druhý obraz Jana Křtitele. 1513 - Po dočasném vypuzení Francouzů z Milána Leonardo odchází do Říma do služeb Giulina Medici, bratra papeže Lva X. 1513-16 - V Římě, kde pracuje Bramante, Michelangelo a Raffael, L. plní jen podřadné technické úkoly / vede spory s německými tovaryši / je mu zakázáno konat pitvy / kreslí a píše proroctví o zkáze světa. 1517 - L. odchází do Francie do služeb Františka I. na zámek Cloux. 1517-18 - Navrhuje splavnění řek a je pověřen projektem a stavbou královského paláce v Romorantinu / ochrnuje mu ruka. 1519 - Leonardo píše závěť. 2. května umírá.
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Imitation designer handbags 've evolved a major force within the fashion sector, transforming out of an weakly concealed secret to a thriving enterprise having global consequences. For a few, those bags symbolize an accessible method to enjoy a appeal of opulence without the high price label. For others, they represent an ethical and lawful dilemma inside the world of fashion.
This article delves into a emergence of counterfeit luxury handbags, its attraction, and the dangers involved. You will also discover how to recognize a fake and take a look at a prospects of this expanding industry—all encased in a stylish examination of fashion's most fascinating grey zone.
A Attraction of Replica Designer Handbags
Why are replica designer handbags so common? There’s more to them than meets the eye.
Accessibility Minus the Cost
A among the primary causes for its favor of imitation remains affordability. For people who admire luxury labels but cannot rationalize spending thousands of dollars on a handbag, imitations offer an budget-friendly alternative.
A good-quality fake can often copy the appearance and texture of the genuine item, allowing buyers to experience a status of opulence without breaking the bank.
Status Symbol on a Budget
Luxury products like bags have become icons of wealth. While possessing an original Chanel or Louis Vuitton might remain a unreachable ambition for many, imitations enable people to achieve that "coveted" look without the luxury cost label.
Increasingly Believable Quality
With contemporary production techniques and focus to precision, certain counterfeit bags are so believable that even style experts find it hard to tell the distinction. For many purchasers, the quality of replicas has greatly boosted its attractiveness.
An Expression Opposing Luxury Prices
Certain individuals opt for counterfeits as a form of rebellion against what they see as unreasonable prices from high-end brands. A $20 manufacturing expense which translates into a $2,000 sale price? Many view replicas as leveling the playing ground.
The Dangers of Buying and Selling Counterfeit Designer Handbags
While replicas might appear like a simple method to experience the better aspects of living,
the Future of fake Designer Bags
the market for fake designer bags shows no signs of slowing down. The rise of e-commerce and social media platforms has made it easier than ever for counterfeiters to reach customers directly.
Brands are responding with advanced anti-counterfeiting measures, including microchips, blockchain technology, and robust authentication processes. however, as counterfeiting techniques also evolve, this remains a constant game of cat and mouse.
the Impact on the fashion industry
The proliferation of fake designer bags continues to challenge luxury brands. while some argue that replicas dilute brand exclusivity, others see counterfeiting as proof of a brand’s desirability.
There’s also a movement among consumers and advocates for "inspired" fashion—that is, affordable, legal alternatives inspired by high-end designs and trends—offering a middle ground for those who prioritize ethics and affordability.
Why authenticity still Matters
While the appeal of replica designer bags is undeniable, there’s something special about owning the real thing. Beyond the status and exclusivity, genuine designer bags represent unparalleled craftsmanship, rich history, and a commitment to quality.
If you’re a fan of luxury fashion, engaging with authentic pieces—whether through pre-owned platforms like the RealReal or rentals through companies like Bag Borrow or Steal—can provide an ethical and satisfying solution without breaking the bank.
Ultimately, loving fashion doesn’t have to mean compromising your values or quality.
The Intriguing World of Designer Bags
(Robertgub, 3. 1. 2025 9:58)
Imitation designer bags 've become a significant force within a fashion sector, transforming from a poorly concealed secret to a booming enterprise with worldwide consequences. For some, those bags symbolize an accessible method to experience a appeal of luxury minus the hefty price tag. For some, they represent a moral and lawful quandary within the universe of style.
This blog delves into a emergence of counterfeit luxury handbags, their attraction, and its dangers involved. You'll also learn how to recognize a imitation and take a look at the prospects of this growing industry—all encased in a stylish exploration of style's more intriguing gray zone.
A Appeal of Replica Designer Bags
Why are fake luxury handbags so common? There’s more to them than meets the eye.
Affordability Without a Cost
One among the primary causes why its popularity for replicas is affordability. For individuals who appreciate designer labels but can’t justify splurging thousands of money on an purse, replicas offer a budget-friendly option.
A good-quality imitation could often mimic the look and texture of the genuine thing, allowing customers to enjoy the status of opulence without exceeding the bank.
Symbol Symbol on a Budget
High-end goods such as bags have turned into symbols of wealth. Although owning an authentic Chanel or Louis Vuitton might stay a unreachable dream for many, imitations allow people to get that "coveted" appearance without the designer cost label.
Increasingly Believable Quality
With contemporary production techniques and focus to detail, some counterfeit handbags are so convincing that even style experts find it hard to tell the difference. For many buyers, the quality of imitations has significantly boosted its attractiveness.
An Statement Opposing Designer Markups
Some people opt for counterfeits as an means of protest against what they see as unreasonable prices from luxury labels. A $20 production expense which translates into a $2,000 sale price? Many view replicas as balancing a playing ground.
A Risks of Buying and Selling Fake Luxury Bags
While imitations may seem like an simple method to experience the finer things in living,
The Future of fake designer Bags
The market for fake designer bags shows no signs of slowing down. The rise of e-commerce and social media platforms has made it easier than ever for counterfeiters to reach customers directly.
Brands are responding with advanced anti-counterfeiting measures, including microchips, blockchain technology, and robust authentication processes. however, as counterfeiting techniques also evolve, this remains a constant game of cat and mouse.
The Impact on the Fashion Industry
the proliferation of fake designer bags continues to challenge luxury brands. while some argue that replicas dilute brand exclusivity, others see counterfeiting as proof of a brand’s desirability.
there’s also a movement among consumers and advocates for "inspired" fashion—that is, affordable, legal alternatives inspired by high-end designs and trends—offering a middle ground for those who prioritize ethics and affordability.
why authenticity Still Matters
While the appeal of replica designer bags is undeniable, there’s something special about owning the real thing. Beyond the status and exclusivity, genuine designer bags represent unparalleled craftsmanship, rich history, and a commitment to quality.
If you’re a fan of luxury fashion, engaging with authentic pieces—whether through pre-owned platforms like the RealReal or rentals through companies like Bag Borrow or Steal—can provide an ethical and satisfying solution without breaking the bank.
Ultimately, loving fashion doesn’t have to mean compromising your values or quality.
A Fascinating World of Luxury Bags
(LarryNus, 2. 1. 2025 7:49)
Imitation luxury handbags have become a significant factor within the style sector, evolving from a weakly concealed mystery into an thriving business with global implications. For a few, those handbags represent a affordable way to enjoy a appeal of luxury without a hefty cost tag. For some, they represent an ethical and lawful quandary within the universe of fashion.
This blog delves into a rise of fake luxury bags, their attraction, and the risks involved. You'll also discover how to recognize a imitation and take an glance at the future of this growing sector—all wrapped up a stylish examination of style's more intriguing grey area.
A Attraction of Replica Designer Bags
Why are replica luxury bags so popular? There’s more to them than meets the vision.
Accessibility Minus a Cost
One among the primary reasons for its popularity of imitation remains affordability. For people who appreciate luxury labels but can’t rationalize splurging thousands of dollars for a handbag, replicas offer a budget-friendly alternative.
A good-quality imitation could often mimic the appearance and texture of the real thing, enabling buyers to experience the status of luxury minus exceeding a budget.
Status of Wealth on a Budget
Luxury goods such as handbags have become icons of status. Although possessing a original Chanel or Louis Vuitton may stay an unreachable dream for many, replicas allow people to get the coveted appearance without the luxury cost label.
Increasingly Believable Quality
With modern manufacturing methods and attention to precision, certain counterfeit handbags are so convincing that even fashion aficionados find it hard to discern the difference. For most buyers, the craftsmanship of replicas has greatly increased their appeal.
An Statement Against Luxury Markups
Some people choose replicas as a form of rebellion against what they perceive as excessive prices by luxury brands. A $20 manufacturing cost that converts to an $2,000 retail cost? Many view replicas as leveling the playing field.
The Dangers of Buying and Trading Fake Designer Handbags
Although imitations might seem as a easy way to enjoy the finer things of life,
the Future of fake Designer Bags
the market for fake designer bags shows no signs of slowing down. the rise of e-commerce and social media platforms has made it easier than ever for counterfeiters to reach customers directly.
Brands are responding with advanced anti-counterfeiting measures, including microchips, blockchain technology, and robust authentication processes. however, as counterfeiting techniques also evolve, this remains a constant game of cat and mouse.
The impact on the fashion Industry
the proliferation of fake designer bags continues to challenge luxury brands. while some argue that replicas dilute brand exclusivity, others see counterfeiting as proof of a brand’s desirability.
there’s also a movement among consumers and advocates for "inspired" fashion—that is, affordable, legal alternatives inspired by high-end designs and trends—offering a middle ground for those who prioritize ethics and affordability.
why authenticity Still Matters
while the appeal of replica designer bags is undeniable, there’s something special about owning the real thing. Beyond the status and exclusivity, genuine designer bags represent unparalleled craftsmanship, rich history, and a commitment to quality.
if you’re a fan of luxury fashion, engaging with authentic pieces—whether through pre-owned platforms like The RealReal or rentals through companies like Bag Borrow or Steal—can provide an ethical and satisfying solution without breaking the bank.
ultimately, loving fashion doesn’t have to mean compromising your values or quality.
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